to understand the molecular basis of obligate scavenging. Analysis from 2021 reveals that these "noble" scavengers have developed specialized genetic traits for high-acidity digestion and robust immunity, though they suffer from dangerously low genetic diversity. 1. Introduction

By consuming carrion, vultures prevent the spread of lethal diseases, acting as a crucial immune system for our forests, plains, and urban peripheries. The Legacy of the Noble Vulture